Neurosurgery is a specialized medical field focused on the diagnosis, treatment, and surgical intervention of conditions affecting the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. Neurosurgeons employ various surgical techniques to address issues like tumors, trauma, vascular disorders, infections, congenital anomalies, and functional abnormalities within the nervous system. This complex and delicate field requires extensive training and expertise due to the critical nature of the structures involved.